Standard Process Inc. Whole Food Supplements Since 1929.

Glossary

Alphabetical Index

A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P R S T V W Y Z

A

Acerola
The ripe "cherry-like" fruit of the Malpighiaceae punicifolia family. A rich source of ascorbic acid and vitamin C.
Acidophilus
See Lactobacillus acidophilus.
Alginic Acid
An organic acid from various algae species.
Allantoin
A crystallizable substance derived from plants. Formed by the oxidation of uric acid.
Ammonium Chloride
A colorless crystal salt used as a systemic acidifier and expectorant.
Amylase
An enzyme that accelerates the hydrolysis of starch and glycogen.
Anise Powder
An herb from the carrot family with aromatic seeds that have a carminative effect.
Antioxidants
Substances found in food, especially fruits and vegetables, which help protect our cells from the damaging effects of free radicals–the highly unstable oxygen molecules that affect body tissues and are believed responsible for many of the effects of aging.
Arabic Gum
From the acacia tree. Used to make tablets–a collodial stabilizer.
Arrowroot Flour
A tuberous root yielding a nutritive starch.

B

Bentonite (Montmorillonite)
A natural colloidal, adsorbing clay which can bind substances present in the lumen of the digestive tract allowing these substances to be eliminated with the fecal material.
Beta-carotene
The yellow pigment found in many yellow and orange fruits, such as carrots, that the body can convert to vitamin A.
Betaine
A sweet, crystalline, quaternary ammonium salt found in beet juice. Can be used as a lipotropic factor or a gastric acidifier.
Bifidobacterium longum
A lactic acid-producing microorganism that supports the digestion process and enhances nutrient absorption. Prevalant and beneficial microorganism found in the colon.
Biotin
A member of the B-vitamin family that helps support energy and amino acid metabolism. Nutritional yeast, liver, kidney, whole grains, nuts, and eggs are good sources of biotin.
Bovine
Cow.
Bovine Bile Salts
A purified source of bovine bile salts in a powdered form. Supports the healthy metabolism and absorption of dietary fat.
Bromelain
Protein-digesting and milk-clotting enzyme generally found in pineapple fruit juice and stem tissue.
Buckwheat
A rich source of vitamin P (rutin), quercetin, and other bioflavonoids and minerals.

C

Calcium Acid Phosphate
Used as a mineral supplement in food and feeds.
Calcium Glycerophosphate
A white, crystalline powder that is soluble in cold water. A source of calcium.
Calcium Lactate
A source of calcium. (Not derived from a dairy product or source.)
Calcium Stearate
A plant-based stearic acid used for lubrication in the manufacture of products.
Camu Camu
A low-growing shrub which produces round, light orange-colored berries. The berries contain significant amounts of vitamin C.
Carbamide Powder
A food-grade urea. A source of nitrogen that may act as a physiologic diuretic.
Chlorophyll Extract
A fat-soluble extract from plant material. It acts as a stimulant for tissue health, maintenance, and regeneration. Chlorophyll is regarded as a natural gastrointestinal tract deodorant and cleanser.
Choline Bitartrate
A vitamin of the B complex essential to liver function.
Chromium Yeast
An excellent source of chromium. Chromium has been shown to improve glucose tolerance and improve immune response.
Cocarboxylase
A crystalline diphosphoric acid ester of thiamin (vitamin B1). Thiamin is essential for the normal metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.
Coenzyme Q10
An antioxidant also known as ubiquinone that is naturally found in tissues with high-metabolic activity such as the heart, kidney, and liver. It has been shown to have heart protective properties and is beneficial for cellular respiration.
Collinsonia Root
A member of the labiate herb family. Also known as a stoneroot or richweed.
Colostrum
The first milk produced by the mammary glands after birth.  Bovine colostrum, derived from cows, is rich in antibodies, peptides, growth factors, and other bioactive substances to protect the body and support the immune system.
Conch (Strombus gigas)
A sea mollusk with a large spiral shell. A good source of protein, amino acids, and trace minerals.
Copper Liver Chelate
Provides an excellent source of copper. Copper is an essential trace mineral that is important for a wide range of biochemical processes.
Cyanocobalamin
Also known as vitamin B12, a cobalt-containing compound.
Cytosol™ Extract
Cytosol™ is the trademark owned and used by Standard Process Inc. as a brand name for extracts derived from the cytoplasm of the cell. They contain the "materials" such as enzymes, hormone precursors, and synergistic cofactors produced by the cell. These materials serve as the building blocks for cellular metabolic end products that are utilized by the cell itself or transported outside the cell.

D

Defatted Wheat Germ
Wheat germ is noted for its dense nutritional content of the vitamin B complex and many important trace minerals essential for the full physiological activity of the associated vitamin complexes.
Dextrin
Any one or mixture of products formed during the hydrolysis of starch.
Dicalcium Phosphate
A calcium compound used in calcium therapy.
Dried Yeast Fermentate (EpiCor®)
A dried product derived from fermented Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's or Brewer's yeast), which produces beneficial metabolites containing vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and antioxidants.

E

Echinacea Root (Coneflower)
A perennial member of the daisy family.
Essential Fatty Acid (EFA)
Also known historically as the vitamin F complex, it is a nutritional compound that the body does not make on its own but needs in order to maintain good health. EFAs can only be obtained through the foods we eat–such as fish or flaxseed. Two types of EFAs are omega-3s and omega-6s.

F

Fenugreek
Dried ripe seed from the leguminosae family. Plant used in Asian cultures to support health.
Ferrous Lactate
Iron lactate.
Fig
An oblong or pear-shaped fruit now grown worldwide. It is a rich source of potassium and magnesium.
Flaxseed Oil
Derived from the seeds of the flax plant. Contains alpha-linolenic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid, which benefits multiple body systems including the immune system, integument, and cardiovascular system.
Folic Acid
A member of the B-vitamin family. Folic acid has been shown to help prevent birth defects of the central nervous system and to contribute to the formation of new cells and the synthesis and function of red and white blood cells. Folic acid can be found in animal organ meats, whole grains, fruits, and dark green, leafy vegetables.

G

Ginkgo biloba
Ginkgo is known for a number of medicinal benefits, including strengthening blood vessels, stabilizing cell membranes, and scavenging free radicals. It also supports healthy oxygen flow to the brain and peripheral areas of the body.
Gluten
A group of proteins found in wheat and other grains that can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Glycerin
A colorless syrupy liquid from the hydrolysis of oils and fats.

I

Inositol
A component of the B-vitamin complex. It acts as an important catalyst in energy reactions that involve the metabolizing of some fats and carbohydrates.
Inulin
A complex carbohydrate and soluble fiber. It is beneficial to the gut microflora and supports calcium and magnesium absorption. Inulin is found naturally in many common plants, especially chicory.
Iron Chelate
Provides an excellent source of iron. Iron is an important nutrient essential for a wide range of vital biological processes including the synthesis of hemoglobin, and it is also involved in the entire process of respiration including oxygen transport and electron transport.

K

Kelp (Seaweed)
A good source of trace minerals.

L

L-carnitine
Carnitine is required for transporting long-chain fatty acids into the cells, which is essential to the conversion of fatty acids into energy for the cells, especially in heart muscle. (See the Primary Ingredient Cross Reference on products listed under Heart PMG™ Extract, Bovine; Liver PMG™ Extract, Bovine; and Liver Powder, Bovine.
L-glutamine
An important, conditionally essential amino acid that is normally abundant in the body but cannot always be synthesized in sufficient quantities to meet metabolic demand. It has widespread physiological benefits.
Lactic Acid Yeast
A beneficial yeast that produces lactic acid as a byproduct of metablolism. (See nutritional yeast)
Lacto-ovo
A vegetarian diet where dairy products as well as eggs are consumed along with plant-based foods.
Lactobacillus acidophilius
A bacteria that produces lactic acid from carbohydrates. Supports the digestion process and enhances nutrient absorption.
Lanolin
Hydrous wool fat used as an excipient for remedies for external use.
Lipase
A class of enzymes that break down fats.
Lutein
A type of antioxidant known as a carotenoid (or natural pigment) found in dark green leafy vegetables, such as kale. It has been shown to have health benefits for the eyes and skin.
Lycopene
A powerful carotenoid antioxidant, found in foods such as tomatoes, that is shown to be beneficial in prostate and cardiovascular health.

M

Magnesium Citrate
Source of magnesium. Magnesium plays an essential role as a cofactor, assisting enzymes in catalyzing many necessary reactions.
Magnesium Lactate
Source of magnesium. Magnesium plays an essential role as a cofactor, assisting enzymes in catalyzing many necessary reactions.
Maitake Mushroom (Grifola frondosa)
This mushroom grows on wood in the rainy/wet temperate zones of North America, Asia, and Europe. It is also known as "Sheep's Head" or "Hen of the Woods", and has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine. Maitake can be used in many forms: as an extract made from the mushroom (MaitakeGold 404®), or as a powder made from the mycelium (fungal cells that give rise to the mushroom)..
Manganese Glycerophosphate
Source of manganese, which is an essential trace mineral important for skeletal and cartilage formation.
Manganese Lactate
Source of manganese. A manganese salt derived from lactic acid. Manganese acts as a cofactor and catalyst in many enzymatic processes.
Manioc
A perennial shrub plant that has large, fleshy rootstocks. The rootstocks are rich in starch adn contain calcium, phosphorous, and vitamin C.
Micronutrients
Essential nutritional elements which are required in very small or trace amounts for the body to function properly. Examples include iron, copper, manganese, and zinc.
Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum)
Contains flavonolignans (collectively known as silymarin), which are some of the most potent liver-protecting substances known. Stabilizes the liver cell membrane against injury, regulates its permeability, assists in cellular regeneration, and scavenges for free radicals.
Mixed Tocopherols
The antioxidant component of the vitamin E complex.
Montmorillonite
A clay forming the principle constituent of bentonite.

N

Nutritional Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
A beneficial form of yeast that is a natural source of protein and B-complex vitamins.

O

Okra
A plant from the mallow family that is used for its mucilaginous green pods.
Ovine
Sheep.

P

Pancreatin
A mixture of enzymes, chiefly amylase, lipase, and protease, obtained from the pancreas. It is used to digest food or aid in digestion. (Standard Process' is derived from pork.)
Papain
An enzyme derived from the papaya family having protein digesting properties.
Pareve/Parve
A classification under Jewish dietary law meaning the product has been processed so extensively, that it can be considered to have been prepared without meat, milk, or other derivatives.
Pea Vine
An annual leguminous vine. Peas are a rich source of vitamin C, vitamin K, provitamin A carotenoids, and minerals, such as iron, potassium, phosphorus, and folacin.
Pea Vine Juice
The extracted juice from the pea vine.
Pepsin
Main gastric enzyme specific for proteins, used as a digestive aid. (Standard Process' is derived from pork.)
Phytonutrient
Biologically active nutrients found in plants that give them their color and taste. Also referred to as phytochemicals, they are known to have health-promoting properties.
Porcine
Pork.
Potassium Bicarbonate
A transparent crystalline salt.
Prolamine Iodine
Iodine bound to any of a various group of simple proteins found in seeds. Standard Process uses corn protein (zein).
Protomorphogen™ Extracts
In the 1940's, Dr. Royal Lee pioneered a unique method of deriving extracts which contain what he called cell determinants from specific organs and glands for clinical use. He believed that these cell determinants functioned in cell regulation, maintenance, and interaction with tissue antibodies. It is clear both from the description of the extraction process and clinical use that these extracts differ from what is commonly referred to as "glandulars." Furthermore, because these extracts have a distinct clinical application and effect, they should not be confused with glandulars, nor should they be referred to simply as "protomorphogens." Rather, Protomorphogen™ is the trademark owned and used by Standard Process Inc. as a brand name assigned to these uniquely derived extracts. PMG™ is another trademark owned and used by Standard Process Inc. as another brand name for these extracts.
Pygeum (Pygeum africanum)
An evergreen tree found in higher elevations of southern Africa. Its bark is used to support the prostate gland and urinary tract health in men.
Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
One form of vitamin B6.

R

Resveratrol
An antioxidant found in the skin of grapes and red wine. It has been shown to help support heart health.
Rhizopus oryzae
A mold grown on Tillandsia usneoides and beet root as a source of enzymes.
Riboflavin
One form of vitamin B2.
Riboflavin 5'-Phosphate
One form of vitamin B2.
Ribonucleic Acid
Nucleic acid occurring in cell cytoplasm and the nucleolus, first isolated in plants but later found in animal cells.

S

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Nutritional Yeast)
A beneficial nutritional yeast that produces lactic acid as a byproduct of metabolism. It helps support a healthy gastrointestinal system.
Selenium Yeast
A rich source of selenium. Selenium is an essential trace element that has antioxidant activity mediated through its role in the formation and function of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases. It is also believed to help maintain a healthy heart and joints.
Soybean Lecithin
A rich source of lecithin, a precursor to choline. A substance that is crucial for proper central nervous system, liver, cardiovascular, and immune system health. A rich source of phospholipids.
Spanish Black Radish
An excellent source of sulfur, which protects against free radicals and is also beneficial in the healthy functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

T

Tillandsia usneoides (Spanish Moss)
A plant belonging to the pineapple family, grown in the southeastern coastal plain of the United States. It is a non-parasitic plant that is supported by another plant and has aerial roots exposed to the humid atmosphere.
Turkey Tail Mushroom (Coriolus versicolor)
This mushroom grows on wood in the rainy/wet temperate zones of North America, Asia, and Europe. It is also known as "cloud mushroom" and has a long history of use in Asian medicine. Turkey Tail mushroom can be used in many forms: as an extract made from the mushroom, or as a powder made from the mycelium (fungal cells that give rise to the mushroom).

V

Vitamin P Complex
A bioflavonoid also known as rutin. It naturally occurrs in buckwheat.
Wheat Germ Oil
One of the richest sources of complete vitamin E complex. Vitamin E is beneficial in multiple metabolic processes.

W

Whey Protein
Whey (milk) protein is the protein and amino acid components extracted from whey. Whey is the clear liquid left after the protein of milk has been clotted and most of the fat removed, e.g. after cheese production.
Whole Desiccates
The whole, dried glandular tissue. It contains proteins of the entire organ or gland in a concentrated form.

Y

Yakriton
A liver fat extract.

Z

Zinc Liver Chelate
Contains zinc that is bound to bovine liver to maintain healthy zinc levels.
Standard Process Inc.
New Epimune Complex
New Epimune Complex

Epimune Complex is a vegetarian supplement that provides year-round and targeted immune system support.

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